Comments of the New Zealand Government On The Draft Import Risk Analysis On The Importation of Apples From New Zealand
Table of Contents
- 1. Summary
- 2. Risk analysis methodology
- 2.1 Appropriate level of protection
- 2.2 Risk assessment methodology
- 2.3 Estimation of consequences
- 2.4 Risk management
- 3. Assessment of risk
- 3.1 Erwinia amylovora
- 3.1.1 Probability of entry I - importation potential
- 3.1.1.2 Importation step 2: packing house procedures
- 3.1.1.3 Importation step 3: storage and transport
- 3.1.1.4 Importation step 4: on-arrival inspection
- 3.1.1.5 Conclusions: importation potential
- 3.1.2 Probability of entry II- distribution potential
- 3.1.3 Conclusions: probability of entry
- 3.1.4 Probability of establishment
- 3.1.5 Probability of spread
- 3.1.6 Conclusions: probability of entry, establishment and spread
- 3.1.7 Economic consequences
- 3.1.8 Unrestricted risk estimate
- 3.2 Dasineura mali
- 3.2.1 Probability of entry
- 3.2.2 Probability of establishment
- 3.2.3 Probability of spread
- 3.2.4 Economic consequences
- 3.2.5 Overall assessment of risk
- 3.3 Pseudococcidae spp.
- 3.4 Tortricinae spp.
- 3.5 Ctenopseustis herana, C. obliquana, Planotortrix excessana and P. octo
- 3.6 Thrips obscuratus
- 3.6.1 Probability of entry
- 3.6.2 Probability of establishment
- 3.6.3 Economic consequences
- 3.6.4 Overall assessment of risk
- 3.7 Eriophyes mali
- 3.7.1 Pest categorisation
- 3.7.2 Probability of entry
- 3.7.3 Probability of spread
- 3.7.4 Economic consequences
- 3.7.5 Overall assessment of risk
- 3.8 Nectria galligena
- 4. Phytosanitary measures to manage assessed risk
- 4.1 Erwinia amylovora
- 4.1.1 Infestation of the calyx-end of fruit
- 4.1.1.1 Strategy 1 - establishment of registered export blocks (REBs) free from fire blight disease
- 4.1.1.2 Strategy 2 - establishment of detection zones
- 4.1.2 Bacterial infection of mature fruit in orchard or after harvest
- 4.1.2.1 Strategy 1 - establishment of registered export blocks (REBs) free from fire blight disease
- 4.1.2.2 Strategy 2 - Establishment of detection zones
- 4.1.2.3 Strategy 3 - Disinfestation of harvesting bins
- 4.1.2.4 Strategy 6 - Sorting, grading and packing procedures
- 4.1.2.5 Strategy 7 - Phytosanitary inspection and certification
- 4.1.2.6 Strategy 8 - Registration of exporters and packing houses
- 4.1.2.7 Strategy 9 - Maintenance of fruit security in storage
- 4.1.2.8 Strategy 10 - AQIS audit of New Zealand apple production and packing house systems
- 4.1.2.9 Strategy 11 - On-arrival inspection
- 4.1.3 Epiphytic contamination of fruit surfaces
- 4.1.3.1 Strategy 1 - Establishment of registered blocks (REBs) free from fire blight disease
- 4.1.3.2 Strategy 2 - Establishment of detection zones
- 4.1.3.3 Strategy 3 - Disinfestation of harvesting bins
- 4.1.3.4 Strategy 4 - Disinfestation of fruit
- 4.1.4 The presence of trash with imported fruit
- 4.2 Arthropods
- 4.2.1 Pre-harvest orchard survey
- 4.2.2 Enhanced inspection
- 4.2.3 Dasineura mali
- 4.2.4 Pseudococcidae spp.
- 4.2.5 Tortricinae spp.
- 4.2.6 Thrips obscuratus
- 4.2.7 Eriophyes mali
- 4.3 Nectria galligena
- 5. Bibliography
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